Mio Water Enhancer
A cosmetic form of mineral oil found in automatic brake and hydraulic fluid and industrial antifreeze. In the skin and hair, propylene glycol works as a humescent, which causes retention of moisture content of skin or cosmetic products by preventing the escape of moisture or water. The Material Safety Data Sheet warns users to avoid skin contact with propylene glycol as this strong skin irritant can cause liver abnormalities and kidney damage.
Known health effects.
Eye irritation, skin irritation, skin drying, defatting. Ingestion has serious health effects similar to above.
Propylene glycol is Commonly found in:
- makeup
- shampoo
- deodorant
- detangler
- styling mousse
- cleansing cream
- mascara
- soap
- skin cream
- bubble bath
- baby powder
- conditioner
- toner
- after shave
- baby wipes
Also in:
- Tyre sealant
- Rubber cleaner
- De-icer
- Stain removers
- Fabric softener
- Degreaser
- Paint
- Adhesive
- Wallpaper stripper
SW 270lbs GW 150lbs CW Losing Pregancy Weight Maintenance goal W 125-130lbs
A disclaimer is that propylene glycol is not always pure, can be produced from industrial sources, and foolish studies have shown that in some ways (in off label use, like aerosols and IV injections ((WHY?!)) respiratory problems and renal toxicity have occurred). The MSDS that you site has similar warnings about exposure to all substances including oxygen. I hate to tell you, but prolonged exposure to anything is going to kill you.
The problem with Propylene Glycol is that it is not zero-calorie! Propylene glycol is what gives MiO that sweet taste, it's like crystal light and aspartme. These so-called zero calorie sweeteners are only zero calorie until they hit your body and it is broken down to readily usable energy. Where it falls on the glycemic-index, I'm sorry I don't know. These things are certainly better than sipping on cokes, vitamin water, and gatorades all day, as the calories are much lower. But if your concerned about calories from beverages (where a lot of dieters get their unexplained pounds from) make sure you consume in moderation.
Safety in Humans: (via wikipedia)The acute oral toxicity of propylene glycol is very low, and large quantities are required to cause perceptible health damage in humans; propylene glycol is metabolized in the human body into pyruvic acid (a normal part of the glucose-metabolism process, readily converted to energy), acetic acid (handled by ethanol-metabolism), lactic acid (a normal acid generally abundant during digestion),[9] and propionaldehyde.[10][11] Serious toxicity generally occurs only at plasma concentrations over 1 g/L, which requires extremely high intake over a relatively short period of time.[12] It would be nearly impossible to reach toxic levels by consuming foods or supplements, which contain at most 1 g/kg of PG. Cases of propylene glycol poisoning are usually related to either inappropriate intravenous administration or accidental ingestion of large quantities by children.[13] The potential for long-term oral toxicity is also low. In one study, rats were provided with feed containing as much as 5% PG in feed over a period of 104 weeks and they showed no apparent ill effects.[14] Because of its low chronic oral toxicity, propylene glycol was classified by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration as "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS) for use as a direct food additive.
Prolonged contact with propylene glycol is essentially non-irritating to the skin. Undiluted propylene glycol is minimally irritating to the eye, and can produce slight transient conjunctivitis (the eye recovers after the exposure is removed). Exposure to mists may cause eye irritation, as well as upper respiratory tract irritation. Inhalation of the propylene glycol vapors appears to present no significant hazard in ordinary applications. However, limited human experience indicates that inhalation of propylene glycol mists could be irritating to some individuals. Therefore inhalation exposure to mists of these materials should be avoided. Some research has suggested that propylene glycol not be used in applications where inhalation exposure or human eye contact with the spray mists of these materials is likely, such as fogs for theatrical productions or antifreeze solutions for emergency eye wash stations.[15]
Propylene glycol does not cause sensitization and it shows no evidence of being a carcinogen or of being genotoxic.[16][17]
Adverse responses to intravenous administration of drugs which use PG as an excipient have been seen in a number of people, particularly with large dosages thereof. Responses may include "hypotension[,] bradycardia... QRS and T abnormalities on the ECG[,] arrhythmia[,] cardiac arrest[,] serum hyperosmolality[,] lactic acidosis[,] and haemolysis".[18] A high percentage (12% to 42%) of directly-injected propylene glycol is eliminated/secreted in urine unaltered depending on dosage, with the remainder appearing in its glucuronide-form. The speed of renal filtration decreases as dosage increases,[19] which may be due to propylene glycol's mild anesthetic / CNS-depressant -properties as an alcohol.[20] In one case, administration via IV of PG-suspended nitroglycerin to an elderly man may have induced coma and acidosis.[21]
According to a 2010 study by Karlstad University, the concentrations of PGEs, propylene glycol and glycol ethers in indoor air, particularly bedroom air, has been linked to increased risk of developing numerous respiratory and immune disorders in children, including asthma, hay fever, eczema, and allergies, with increased risk ranging from 50% to 180%. This concentration has been linked to use of water-based paints and water-based cleansers
