Placenta previa
i have nurses access to a medical web site used by dr's i looked it up for you:
Placental implantation is initiated by the embryo (embryonic plate) adhering in the lower (caudad) uterus. With placental attachment and growth, the developing placenta may cover the cervical os. However, it is thought that a defective decidual vascularization occurs over the cervix, possibly secondary to inflammatory or atrophic changes. As such, sections of the placenta having undergone atrophic changes could persist as a vasa previa.
A leading cause of third trimester hemorrhage, placenta previa presents classically as painless bleeding. Bleeding is thought to occur in association with the development of the lower uterine segment in the third trimester. Placental attachment is disrupted as this area gradually thins in preparation for the onset of labor. When this occurs, bleeding occurs at the implantation site as the uterus is unable to contract adequately and stop the flow of blood from the open vessels. Thrombin release from the bleeding sites promotes uterine contractions and a vicious cycle of bleeding-contractions-placental separation-bleeding.
The classic presentation of placenta previa is painless vaginal bleeding.
- Nearly two thirds of symptomatic patients present before 36 weeks' gestation, with half of these patients presenting before 30 weeks' gestation.
- This hemorrhage often stops spontaneously and then recurs with labor.
- Maternal mortality is 0.03% in the United States